2024年11月14日，华盛顿特区 —— 美国参议员杰夫·默克利（来自俄勒冈州）与丹·沙利文（来自阿拉斯加州）今天共同提出了一项新的跨党派立法，旨在提升并重申中国南蒙古人民的人权。这项名为《南蒙古人权政策法案》的法案，将使美国政策明确支持保护中国境内蒙古族的文化与语言，反对中国政府侵犯其权利的行为。
“随着北京持续压制少数民族的权利与文化，美国必须坚定支持那些为基本自由而斗争的人，”默克利表示。“《南蒙古人权政策法案》发出了明确的信号：美国不会容忍中国政府试图抹杀蒙古语言、文化与身份的行为。我们的法案明确表明，当前的南蒙古及中国其他地区的人权状况是不可接受的。”
“中共不仅试图对美国的全球利益和关键产业实施不良企图，同时也在全球范围内破坏国际公认的人权，包括在南蒙古的行为，”沙利文说道。“南蒙古人民的困境与中国其他少数民族和宗教群体的困境相似，他们被强迫进入‘再教育’营地，被剥夺宗教权利和母语权利，被强制迁离家园，甚至被迫从事奴役劳动。在国会，我们已经对中国境内其他少数民族的不公待遇进行了关注，包括藏人、维吾尔人和基督徒。我很高兴能与默克利参议员共同将参议院的注意力转向南蒙古人民的可怕处境。他们的困境已经被忽视太久了。”
美国众议员吉姆·麦戈文（民主党，马萨诸塞州第二区）是《南蒙古人权政策法案》的众议院版本发起人，他同时也是国会-行政部门中国委员会委员和众议院规则委员会排名成员。
“《南蒙古人权政策法案》重申了美国对基本人权和尊严的承诺。它表明，美国与南蒙古人民站在一起，支持他们为保护文化和语言遗产而进行的斗争，并明确指出人权必须在任何地方都得到尊重，”麦戈文表示。“感谢默克利参议员的合作，推动这一立法，表明美国支持南蒙古人民的愿望，并反对中华人民共和国实施的压迫性政策。”
作为国会-行政部门中国委员会的共同主席，默克利长期以来致力于揭露中华人民共和国在维吾尔人、香港人、藏人、异见人士等群体中的人权斗争。2022年4月，默克利主持了一场名为“当今中国语言与民族认同的日益受限”的听证会，其中提及了南蒙古人的困境。今年早些时候，他推动的《促进解决西藏-中国争端法案》获签成为法律，支持藏人的自决权，并促进中国当局与达赖喇嘛之间的对话，寻求和平解决长期争端的途径。
“《南蒙古人权政策法案》是美国对保护和促进600万南蒙古人民权利的坚定承诺的历史性里程碑，”南蒙古人权信息中心负责人恩赫巴图·图格其格（巴图）表示。“这项由俄勒冈州参议员杰夫·默克利和阿拉斯加州参议员丹·沙利文提出的跨党派法案，突显了美国政府及联合国人权机构立即采取行动的紧迫性，以阻止中国继续实施各种形式的人权侵犯，尤其是旨在彻底抹除蒙古语言、文化和身份的文化灭绝行为。”
法案全文可点击此处查阅。
Merkley, Sullivan Call Out China’s Human Rights Violations in Southern Mongolia with New Bipartisan Bill
November 14, 2024
Washington, D.C. – Oregon’s U.S. Senator Jeff Merkley and Alaska’s U.S. Senator Dan Sullivan today teamed up to introduce new bipartisan legislation that elevates and affirms the human rights of Southern Mongolians in the People’s Republic of China (PRC). The Southern Mongolian Human Rights Policy Act would make it U.S. policy to advocate for preserving the culture and language of the ethnic Mongolians inside China whose rights are being undermined by the Chinese government.
“As Beijing continues to repress the rights and cultures of ethnic minorities, America must be unwavering in its support of those fighting for their fundamental freedoms,” Merkley said. “The Southern Mongolian Human Rights Policy Act sends an unequivocal message: the United States will not stand for the Chinese government’s efforts to erase Mongolian language, culture, and identity. Our bill makes clear that the status quo for human rights—in Southern Mongolia and across China—is unacceptable.”
“The Chinese Communist Party not only has nefarious designs on America’s global interests and our critical industries, it has also worked to undermine internationally recognized human rights across the globe, including in Southern Mongolia,” Sullivan said. “The plight of the Southern Mongolian people, who were promised autonomy, is similar to the plight of other ethnic and religious minorities in China who are forced into “reeducation” camps, denied religious rights and the right to speak in their own language, forcibly removed from their homes, and forced to engage in slave labor. In Congress, we have appropriately focused on the mistreatment of other ethnic groups in China, including the Tibetans, Uyghurs, and Christians. I’m pleased to join Senator Merkley in turning the Senate’s attention to the appalling treatment of the people of Southern Mongolia. They have been overlooked for too long.”
U.S. Congressman Jim McGovern (D-MA-02)—a Commissioner of the Congressional-Executive Commission on China and Ranking Member of the House Rules Committee—is leading the House version of the legislation.
“The Southern Mongolian Human Rights Policy Act reaffirms America’s commitment to fundamental values of human rights and dignity. It signals that the United States stands with the Southern Mongolian people in their fight to preserve their cultural and linguistic heritage, and it sends a clear message that human rights must be respected everywhere,” McGovern said. “I am grateful for the partnership of Senator Jeff Merkley in bringing this legislation forward to make clear that America supports the aspirations of Southern Mongolians and opposes the oppressive policies being implemented by the People’s Republic of China.”
As Co-Chair of the Congressional-Executive Commission on China, Merkley has worked to shine a light on human rights struggles in the People’s Republic of China, which oppresses Uyghurs, Hong Kongers, Tibetans, dissidents, and others. In April 2022, Merkley chaired a hearing titled, ‘Growing Constraints on Language and Ethnic Identity in Today’s China’ which featured the struggles of Southern Mongolians. Earlier this year, his bipartisan Promoting a Resolution to the Tibet-China Dispute Act was signed into law to support Tibetan self-determination and promote dialogue between the Chinese authorities and the Dalai Lama toward a peaceful resolution of the long-standing dispute between Tibet and China.
“The Southern Mongolian Human Rights Policy Act is a historic milestone of the United States’ strong commitment to the protection and promotion of rights of the six million Southern Mongolians whose basic human rights and fundamental freedoms have continually been denied by the government of China over the past seven decades,” said Enghebatu Togochog (Batu) of the Southern Mongolian Human Rights Information Center. “Introduced by Senator Jeff Merkley from Oregon and Senator Dan Sullivan from Alaska, this bipartisan bill highlights the urgency of immediate actions that the United States government as well as the United Nations human rights bodies must take to prevent China from continuing to perpetrate all forms of human rights violations, in particular the ongoing cultural genocide that is aiming at the total erasure of Mongolian language, culture and identity in Southern Mongolia.”
The full text of the bill can be found by clicking here.
DAV24J14 9LR S.L.C.
118TH CONGRESS
2D SESSION S. ll
To support and promote the human rights of Southern Mongolians in the
People’s Republic of China, and for other purposes.
IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES
llllllllll
Mr. MERKLEY (for himself and Mr. SULLIVAN) introduced the following bill;
which was read twice and referred to the Committee on
llllllllll
A BILL
To support and promote the human rights of Southern Mongolians in the People’s Republic of China, and for other
purposes.
1 Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa2 tives of the United States of America in Congress assembled,
3 SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.
4 This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Southern Mongolian
5 Human Rights Policy Act’’.
6 SEC. 2. FINDINGS.
7 Congress makes the following findings:
8 (1) According to the China Statistical Yearbook
9 for 2021, more than 6,000,000 ethnic Mongolians
2 DAV24J14 9LR S.L.C.
1 live in the People’s Republic of China, of which some
2 two-thirds live in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous
3 Region, and many others in three prefectures and
4 eight counties designated as autonomous for Mongo5 lians by the Government of the People’s Republic of
6 China.
7 (2) Over the centuries, successive central Chi8 nese governments have promoted the migration of
9 Chinese people into the area currently administered
10 as the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, and
11 today only about 18 percent of the population of the
12 Region is counted as ethnically Mongolian.
13 (3) In 2020, officials in the Inner Mongolia Au14 tonomous Region announced a new policy to effec15 tively replace Mongolian as the principal language of
16 instruction with Chinese, in the subjects of history,
17 politics, and literature, and shut down Bainu, the
18 only Mongolian-language-based social media website
19 based in the country. Beginning in September 2023,
20 schools across the region largely removed Mongolian21 language instruction from elementary and secondary
22 schools throughout the region. Reports indicate that
23 high school and college entrance exams will be con24 ducted in Chinese exclusively starting in 2025 and
25 2028, respectively. The People’s Republic of China
3 DAV24J14 9LR S.L.C.
1 authorities have banned Mongolian language books
2 from bookstores and removed signs in the unique,
3 vertically-written Mongolian script from schools,
4 buildings, streets, and parks.
5 (4) The People’s Republic of China officials
6 launched ‘‘patriotic education’’ campaigns at schools
7 and universities throughout the Inner Mongolia Au8 tonomous Region, designed to suppress manifesta9 tions of Mongolian identity in favor of the common
10 Chinese national identity’’ and encourage ‘‘all ethnic
11 groups to accept the great mother country, Chinese
12 nationality, Chinese culture, [and the] Chinese Com13 munist Party.’’ In response to the new education
14 policy, tens of thousands of Southern Mongolians in
15 the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region launched
16 protests, in which some 300,000 Southern Mongo17 lian students boycotted school and teachers went on
18 strike, and some individuals reportedly committed
19 suicide in protest. Security authorities responded
20 harshly by arresting, beating, detaining, jailing, and
21 placing under home confinement some estimated
22 8,000 to 10,000 Southern Mongolians.
23 (5) Chinese authorities now fully control all ac24 tivities of the Chinggis Khan Mausoleum in the
25 Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, including the
4 DAV24J14 9LR S.L.C.
1 schedule, scale, and ticketing of ritual ceremonies
2 and approval and monitoring of gatherings, denying
3 Southern Mongolians the ability to carry out tradi4 tional rituals and observances free of government in5 terference and profiteering. This has broken an
6 eight-century-long memorial tradition at the site,
7 which has served as an historical and cultural rep8 resentation of the Mongolian identity.
9 (6) The People’s Republic of China policies
10 have undermined the religious heritage of Southern
11 Mongolians, many of whom follow Tibetan Bud12 dhism, including through the destruction of mon13 asteries and temples during the Cultural Revolution,
14 and interference in the ability to choose their own
15 religious leaders. Restrictions on travel and freedom
16 of religion or belief inhibit the ability of Southern
17 Mongolians to affiliate, engage, and communicate
18 with Mongol communities around the world, espe19 cially those with cultural, linguistic and religious
20 links to people in the country of Mongolia and the
21 Buryatia, Kamykia, and Tuvan regions of the Rus22 sian Federation, resulting in a diminution of their
23 common cultural heritage.
24 (7) The People’s Republic of China policies
25 have effectively ended the traditional Southern Mon-
5 DAV24J14 9LR S.L.C.
1 golian economic livelihood of pastoralism, a key
2 marker of Mongol identity, by forcibly resettling
3 more than 246,000 nomadic households to urban
4 and agricultural areas where Mandarin language
5 and Chinese cultural elements dominate. These poli6 cies have cut off Southern Mongolians from their an7 cestral lands and increased their economic depend8 ence on the state, eroding their social cohesion. This
9 has led to severe social and psychological impacts,
10 including mental illness and economic deprivation.
11 (8) The environment of the Inner Mongolia Au12 tonomous Region has degraded under the People’s
13 Republic of China policies that have removed no14 mads, ending traditional stewardship of grazing
15 lands, and exploited natural resources through min16 ing and heavy industry without sufficient stake17 holder input from local inhabitants, resulting in air
18 and water pollution and severe health problems
19 among local Southern Mongolians. Bayan Obo, the
20 largest rare earth mine in the world, is the source
21 of toxic waste, including radioactive thorium that
22 has been seeping into groundwater.
23 (9) Southern Mongolian dissidents, activists,
24 writers, bloggers, lawyers, and their family members
25 who have attempted to exercise their freedom of ex-
6 DAV24J14 9LR S.L.C.
1 pression and defend their legal rights have been de2 tained, arrested, imprisoned, and placed under home
3 confinement by the People’s Republic of China au4 thorities. Activist Yanjindulam remains under home
5 confinement after being released from prison, artist
6 Ashidaa is still under home confinement, lawyer
7 Huhbulag has been detained multiple times, and dis8 sident Almaz has been frequently harassed and de9 tained by the authorities.
10 (10) Authorities detained rights activist Hada,
11 who promoted self-determination and democracy for
12 Southern Mongolians, in 1995 and sentenced him to
13 15 years in 1996. He was held without legal basis
14 for an additional four years following the expiration
15 of his sentence. Hada was subsequently placed under
16 home confinement until his disappearance in Sep17 tember 2020. In 2011, Hada’s wife Xinna, an out18 spoken critic of human rights violations in Southern
19 Mongolia, was arrested before being sentenced to
20 three years in prison, suspended for five years. Their
21 son Uiles was sentenced at the age of 17 to two
22 years in prison on the basis of multiple fabricated
23 charges. The family’s welfare and whereabouts have
24 been unknown since September 2020.
7 DAV24J14 9LR S.L.C.
1 (11) Chinese authorities have subjected South2 ern Mongolians to transnational repression. Since
3 2009, at least five Southern Mongolian dissidents in
4 exile have been forcibly returned to China, including
5 from Mongolia. On May 3, 2023, Chinese police offi6 cers detained Lhamjab Borjigin, a long-time dis7 sident writer and historian, in Ulaanbaatar, Mon8 golia, and forcibly returned him to China on the
9 same day. Lhamjab Borjigin had escaped from home
10 confinement on March 6, 2023, after he was sen11 tenced to one year in prison, suspended for two
12 years, for writing a book entitled ‘‘China’s Cultural
13 Revolution’’.
14 (12) The Congressional-Executive Commission
15 on China reported that ‘‘[d]uring the Commission’s
16 2023 reporting year, Chinese Communist Party and
17 government authorities implemented policies that
18 limited the freedom of ethnic minority groups to ex19 press their cultural and religious identities in con20 travention of the PRC Regional Ethnic Autonomy
21 Law and international human rights treaties, includ22 ing the International Covenant on Civil and Political
23 Rights’’.
24 (13) The Government of the People’s Republic
25 of China’s policies have undermined the ability of
8 DAV24J14 9LR S.L.C.
1 Southern Mongolians to exercise their rights under
2 international law to safeguard and develop their own
3 language, culture, religion or belief, and economic
4 livelihoods, as part of a deliberate effort to erase
5 their distinct Mongolian culture and Sinicize the
6 Southern Mongolian people.
7 SEC. 3. STATEMENT OF POLICY.
8 It is the policy of the United States—
9 (1) to support and promote human rights of
10 Southern Mongolians in the People’s Republic of
11 China, including the fundamental freedoms of ex12 pression, peaceful assembly, and religion or belief,
13 and rights related to arbitrary detention, discrimina14 tion, and other abuses;
15 (2) to support the aspirations of the Southern
16 Mongolian people to safeguard their cultural and lin17 guistic heritage, including the ability to use and pro18 mote their own spoken and written language, and
19 protect their traditional pastoralist way of life that
20 they have maintained for thousands of years; and
21 (3) to press the Government of the People’s Re22 public of China to allow the Southern Mongolian
23 people the ability to enjoy autonomy promised them.
24 SEC. 4. SENSE OF CONGRESS.
25 It is the sense of Congress that—
9 DAV24J14 9LR S.L.C.
1 (1) the United States supports the liberty and
2 legitimate aspirations of the Southern Mongolian
3 people to safeguard their cultural and linguistic her4 itage and practice their traditional way of life with5 out threat of forced assimilation policies of the Gov6 ernment of the People’s Republic of China and the
7 Chinese Communist Party;
8 (2) the President should—
9 (A) condemn human rights abuses against
10 Southern Mongolians by authorities of the Peo11 ple’s Republic of China; and
12 (B) call on such authorities to allow South13 ern Mongolians the ability to exercise the au14 tonomy guaranteed by the People’s Republic of
15 China, including to conduct their affairs and re16 ceive education in their own spoken and written
17 language;
18 (3) the Secretary of State should—
19 (A) work with United States allies and
20 partners and through multilateral institutions
21 to advocate for the human rights of Southern
22 Mongolians;
23 (B) urge the United Nations Human
24 Rights Council to prioritize assessment of the
25 human rights of Southern Mongolians in its re-
10 DAV24J14 9LR S.L.C.
1 views of the People’s Republic of China compli2 ance with international human rights law, in3 cluding through the Universal Periodic Review
4 process, and to request travel by United Na5 tions officials to assess conditions of Southern
6 Mongolians in the People’s Republic of China;
7 (C) promote the right of Southern Mongo8 lians to protect their spoken and written lan9 guage;
10 (D) promote the freedom of religion or be11 lief of Southern Mongolians;
12 (E) work with the United Nations Edu13 cational, Scientific and Cultural Organization
14 (UNESCO) to identify and protect world herit15 age sites in areas of traditional Mongolian cul16 ture in the People’s Republic of China; and
17 (F) coordinate closely with the inter18 national community on targeted sanctions and
19 visa restrictions;
20 (4) the United States companies and individ21 uals operating in areas designated as autonomous
22 for Mongolians in the People’s Republic of China
23 should take steps to ensure that their commercial
24 activities do not contribute to human rights viola25 tions, undermine the autonomous rights of Southern
11 DAV24J14 9LR S.L.C.
1 Mongolians, or contribute to the environmental deg2 radation or resettlement of nomads in those areas;
3 and
4 (5) the United States Ambassador to the Peo5 ple’s Republic of China should expeditiously seek to
6 meet with Hada and his family members, as well as
7 other Southern Mongolian dissidents, activists, writ8 ers, and lawyers who are either in prison or under
9 detention or home confinement.
10 SEC. 5. DIPLOMATIC AND CONSULAR MATTERS.
11 (a) INNER MONGOLIA SECTION IN UNITED STATES
12 EMBASSY IN BEIJING, CHINA.—
13 (1) IN GENERAL.—The Secretary of State
14 should consider establishing an Inner Mongolian
15 team within the United States Embassy in Beijing,
16 China, to follow political, economic, and social devel17 opments in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region
18 and other areas designated by the People’s Republic
19 of China as autonomous for Mongolians, with due
20 consideration given to hiring Southern Mongolians
21 as Locally Employed Staff.
22 (2) RESPONSIBILITIES.—Responsibilities of a
23 team devoted to Inner Mongolia should include re24 porting on human rights issues and access to areas
25 designated as autonomous for Mongolians by United
12 DAV24J14 9LR S.L.C.
1 States Government officials, journalists, nongovern2 mental organizations, and the Southern Mongolian
3 diaspora.
4 (3) LANGUAGE REQUIREMENTS.—The Sec5 retary of State should ensure that the Department
6 of State has sufficient proficiency in Mongolian lan7 guage in order to carry out paragraph (1), and that
8 the United States Embassy in Beijing, China, has
9 sufficient resources to hire Local Employed Staff
10 proficient in the Mongolian language, as appro11 priate.
12 (b) REPORT.—Not later than 180 days after the date
13 of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of State shall
14 submit to the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Sen15 ate and the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House
16 of Representatives a report on the staffing described in
17 subsection (a).
18 SEC. 6. RELIGIOUS FREEDOM.
19 (a) HUMAN RIGHTS REPORTS.—The Ambassador at
20 Large for International Religious Freedom shall, con21 sistent with the duties under sections 101(c) and 102(a)
22 of the International Religious Freedom Act of 1998 (22
23 U.S.C. 6411(c), 6412(a)), assist the Secretary of State to
24 assess the impact of the restrictions on Tibetan Buddhism
13 DAV24J14 9LR S.L.C.
1 by the Government of the People’s Republic of China on
2 the religious freedom of—
3 (1) practitioners of Tibetan Buddhism in the
4 People’s Republic of China who are not Tibetan; and
5 (2) practitioners of Tibetan Buddhism outside
6 the People’s Republic of China, including their abil7 ity to travel to and share information with practi8 tioners inside the People’s Republic of China.
9 (b) ANNUAL REPORT ON INTERNATIONAL RELIGIOUS
10 FREEDOM.—The Secretary of State, with the assistance
11 of the Ambassador at Large for International Religious
12 Freedom, shall ensure that the report required under sec13 tions 101(c) and 102(b) of the International Religious
14 Freedom Act of 1998 (22 U.S.C. 6411(c), 6412(b)) as15 sesses, as appropriate, the impact of the restrictions on
16 Tibetan Buddhism by the Government of the People’s Re17 public of China on the religious freedom of —
18 (1) practitioners of Tibetan Buddhism in the
19 People’s Republic of China who are not Tibetan; and
20 (2) practitioners of Tibetan Buddhism outside
21 the People’s Republic of China, including their abil22 ity to travel to and share information with practi23 tioners inside the People’s Republic of China.
14 DAV24J14 9LR S.L.C.
1 SEC. 7. IDENTIFICATION OF PERSONS RESPONSIBLE FOR
2 HUMAN RIGHTS ABUSES AGAINST SOUTHERN
3 MONGOLIANS IN THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF
4 CHINA; IMPOSITION OF SANCTIONS.
5 (a) REPORT REQUIRED.—
6 (1) IN GENERAL.—Not later than 180 days
7 after the date of the enactment of this Act, and an8 nually thereafter, the President shall submit to the
9 appropriate congressional committees a report that
10 identifies each foreign person, including any official
11 of the Government of the People’s Republic of
12 China, that the President determines is responsible
13 for any of the following with respect to Southern
14 Mongolians in the People’s Republic of China:
15 (A) Torture.
16 (B) Cruel, inhuman, or degrading treat17 ment or punishment.
18 (C) Prolonged or arbitrary detention with19 out charges and trial.
20 (D) Causing the disappearance of persons
21 by the abduction and clandestine detention of
22 those persons.
23 (E) Other flagrant denial of the right to
24 life, liberty, or the security of persons.
15 DAV24J14 9LR S.L.C.
1 (F) Other gross violations of internation2 ally recognized human rights committed against
3 Southern Mongolians.
4 (2) FORM.—The report required by paragraph
5 (1) shall be submitted in unclassified form, but may
6 include a classified annex.
7 (b) IMPOSITION OF SANCTIONS.—The President
8 should impose sanctions pursuant to one or more of the
9 following authorities with respect to each foreign person
10 identified in the report required by subsection (a):
11 (1) The Global Magnitsky Human Rights Ac12 countability Act (22 U.S.C. 10101 et seq.).
13 (2) Section 7031(c)(1)(A) of the Department of
14 State, Foreign Operations, and Related Programs
15 Appropriations Act, 2024 (division F of Public Law
16 118–47; 8 U.S.C. 1182 note).
17 (3) Section 212(a)(2)(G) of the Immigration
18 and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1182(a)(2)(G)).
19 (c) SUNSET.—This section, and any sanctions im20 posed under this section, shall terminate on the date that
21 is 5 years after the date of the enactment of this Act.
22 (d) DEFINITIONS.—In this section:
23 (1) APPROPRIATE CONGRESSIONAL COMMIT24 TEES.—The term ‘‘appropriate congressional com25 mittees’’ means—
16 DAV24J14 9LR S.L.C.
1 (A) the Committee on Foreign Relations
2 and the Committee on Banking, Housing, and
3 Urban Affairs of the Senate; and
4 (B) the Committee on Foreign Affairs and
5 the Committee on Financial Services of the
6 House of Representatives.
7 (2) FOREIGN PERSON.—The term ‘‘foreign per8 son’’ means an individual or entity that is not a
9 United States person.
10 (3) UNITED STATES PERSON.—The term
11 ‘‘United States person’’ means—
12 (A) a United States citizen or an alien law13 fully admitted for permanent residence to the
14 United States;
15 (B) an entity organized under the laws of
16 the United States or of any jurisdiction within
17 the United States, including a foreign branch of
18 such an entity; or
19 (C) any person in the United States.
20 SEC. 8. VOICE OF AMERICA BROADCASTS IN THE MONGO21 LIAN LANGUAGE.
22 (a) ESTABLISHMENT OF SERVICE.—Not later than
23 180 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, the
24 Chief Executive Officer of the United States Agency for
25 Global Media shall establish, through the Voice of Amer-
17 DAV24J14 9LR S.L.C.
1 ica, a service to provide Voice of America Mongolian lan2 guage programming to Mongolian language speakers in
3 Mongolia, the People’s Republic of China, and the Russian
4 Federation.
5 (b) REPORT.—Not later than 270 days after the date
6 of the enactment of this Act, the Chief Executive Officer
7 of the United States Agency for Global Media shall submit
8 to the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate and
9 the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of Rep10 resentatives a report detailing the implementation of this
11 section, including a description of programming and
12 broadcast hours.
13 (c) AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.—There is
14 authorized to be appropriated to the Voice of America for
15 purposes of carrying out this section $2,000,000 for each
16 of fiscal years 2025 and 2026.
17 SEC. 9. SUPPORT FOR SOUTHERN MONGOLIAN CULTURE.
18 (a) REPRESSED CULTURES PRESERVATION.—
19 (1) SENSE OF CONGRESS.—It is the sense of
20 Congress that the Smithsonian Institution should
21 fund activities to help preserve cultures endangered
22 by the repressive policies of the People’s Republic of
23 China, including those of Southern Mongolians, Ti24 betans, Uyghurs, and Hong Kongers, through the
25 World Cultures Center and other programs designed
18 DAV24J14 9LR S.L.C.
1 to promote preservation efforts, as well as research,
2 exhibitions, and education programming.
3 (2) REPORT.—Not later than 180 days after
4 the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary
5 of the Smithsonian Institution shall submit to the
6 Committee on Rules and Administration of the Sen7 ate and the Committee on House Administration of
8 the House of Representatives a report on its plans
9 to help preserve cultures endangered by the policies
10 of the People’s Republic of China, including those of
11 Southern Mongolians, Tibetans, Uyghurs, and Hong
12 Kongers.
13 (b) ASSISTANCE FOR CULTURAL ORGANIZATIONS,
14 MUSEUMS, AND LIBRARIES.—
15 (1) SENSE OF CONGRESS.—It is the sense of
16 Congress that the Director of the Institute for Mu17 seum and Library Sciences should establish a grant
18 program, or make available grants through an exist19 ing program, to support efforts by diaspora commu20 nities in the United States to preserve their cultural
21 heritage that is threatened by the repressive policies
22 of the People’s Republic of China, including the ef23 forts of Southern Mongolians, Tibetans, Uyghurs,
24 and Hong Kongers.
19 DAV24J14 9LR S.L.C.
1 (2) REPORT.—Not later than 180 days after
2 the date of the enactment of this Act, the Director
3 of the Institute for Museum and Library Sciences
4 shall submit to the Committee on Health, Edu5 cation, Labor and Pensions of the Senate and the
6 Committee on Education and the Workforce of the
7 House of Representatives a report on the feasibility
8 of establishing a grant program, or to otherwise
9 make available grants through an existing program,
10 to support efforts by diaspora communities in the
11 United States to preserve their cultural heritage that
12 is threatened by the repressive policies of the Peo13 ple’s Republic of China, including those of Southern
14 Mongolians, Tibetans, Uyghurs, and Hong Kongers,
15 including efforts to engage with such diaspora com16 munities.
17 SEC. 10. SUSTAINABLE LIVELIHOODS IN SOUTHERN MON18 GOLIA.
19 (a) DECLARATION OF POLICY.—It is the policy of the
20 United States to support the right of Southern Mongolians
21 to make decisions in accordance with principles of auton22 omy regarding their economic development, including the
23 ability to maintain traditional livelihoods, such as pas24 toralism, as well as cultural preservation, environmental
25 sustainability, and resource extraction, in areas designated
20 DAV24J14 9LR S.L.C.
1 as autonomous for Southern Mongolians in the People’s
2 Republic of China.
3 (b) INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS.—
4 The Secretary of the Treasury should instruct the United
5 States executive director of each international financial in6 stitution to use the voice and vote of the United States
7 to support financing of projects in areas designated as au8 tonomous for Southern Mongolians in the People’s Repub9 lic of China if such projects do not provide incentives for
10 the migration and settlement of non-Mongolians into
11 Southern Mongolian areas or facilitate the transfer of
12 ownership of Southern Mongolian land and natural re13 sources to non-Mongolians, are based on a thorough
14 needs-assessment, foster self-sufficiency of the Southern
15 Mongolian people, respect Mongolian culture, traditions,
16 and traditional livelihoods, and are subject to effective
17 monitoring.
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