2024年11月14日，华盛顿特区 —— 美国参议员杰夫·默克利（来自俄勒冈州）与丹·沙利文（来自阿拉斯加州）今天共同提出了一项新的跨党派立法，旨在提升并重申中国南蒙古人民的人权。这项名为《南蒙古人权政策法案》的法案，将使美国政策明确支持保护中国境内蒙古族的文化与语言，反对中国政府侵犯其权利的行为。
“随着北京持续压制少数民族的权利与文化，美国必须坚定支持那些为基本自由而斗争的人，”默克利表示。“《南蒙古人权政策法案》发出了明确的信号：美国不会容忍中国政府试图抹杀蒙古语言、文化与身份的行为。我们的法案明确表明，当前的南蒙古及中国其他地区的人权状况是不可接受的。”
“中共不仅试图对美国的全球利益和关键产业实施不良企图，同时也在全球范围内破坏国际公认的人权，包括在南蒙古的行为，”沙利文说道。“南蒙古人民的困境与中国其他少数民族和宗教群体的困境相似，他们被强迫进入‘再教育’营地，被剥夺宗教权利和母语权利，被强制迁离家园，甚至被迫从事奴役劳动。在国会，我们已经对中国境内其他少数民族的不公待遇进行了关注，包括藏人、维吾尔人和基督徒。我很高兴能与默克利参议员共同将参议院的注意力转向南蒙古人民的可怕处境。他们的困境已经被忽视太久了。”
美国众议员吉姆·麦戈文（民主党，马萨诸塞州第二区）是《南蒙古人权政策法案》的众议院版本发起人，他同时也是国会-行政部门中国委员会委员和众议院规则委员会排名成员。
“《南蒙古人权政策法案》重申了美国对基本人权和尊严的承诺。它表明，美国与南蒙古人民站在一起，支持他们为保护文化和语言遗产而进行的斗争，并明确指出人权必须在任何地方都得到尊重，”麦戈文表示。“感谢默克利参议员的合作，推动这一立法，表明美国支持南蒙古人民的愿望，并反对中华人民共和国实施的压迫性政策。”
作为国会-行政部门中国委员会的共同主席，默克利长期以来致力于揭露中华人民共和国在维吾尔人、香港人、藏人、异见人士等群体中的人权斗争。2022年4月，默克利主持了一场名为“当今中国语言与民族认同的日益受限”的听证会，其中提及了南蒙古人的困境。今年早些时候，他推动的《促进解决西藏-中国争端法案》获签成为法律，支持藏人的自决权，并促进中国当局与达赖喇嘛之间的对话，寻求和平解决长期争端的途径。
“《南蒙古人权政策法案》是美国对保护和促进600万南蒙古人民权利的坚定承诺的历史性里程碑，”南蒙古人权信息中心负责人恩赫巴图·图格其格（巴图）表示。“这项由俄勒冈州参议员杰夫·默克利和阿拉斯加州参议员丹·沙利文提出的跨党派法案，突显了美国政府及联合国人权机构立即采取行动的紧迫性，以阻止中国继续实施各种形式的人权侵犯，尤其是旨在彻底抹除蒙古语言、文化和身份的文化灭绝行为。”
法案全文可点击此处查阅。
Merkley, Sullivan Call Out China’s Human Rights Violations in Southern Mongolia with New Bipartisan Bill
November 14, 2024
Washington, D.C. – Oregon’s U.S. Senator Jeff Merkley and Alaska’s U.S. Senator Dan Sullivan today teamed up to introduce new bipartisan legislation that elevates and affirms the human rights of Southern Mongolians in the People’s Republic of China (PRC). The Southern Mongolian Human Rights Policy Act would make it U.S. policy to advocate for preserving the culture and language of the ethnic Mongolians inside China whose rights are being undermined by the Chinese government.
“As Beijing continues to repress the rights and cultures of ethnic minorities, America must be unwavering in its support of those fighting for their fundamental freedoms,” Merkley said. “The Southern Mongolian Human Rights Policy Act sends an unequivocal message: the United States will not stand for the Chinese government’s efforts to erase Mongolian language, culture, and identity. Our bill makes clear that the status quo for human rights—in Southern Mongolia and across China—is unacceptable.”
“The Chinese Communist Party not only has nefarious designs on America’s global interests and our critical industries, it has also worked to undermine internationally recognized human rights across the globe, including in Southern Mongolia,” Sullivan said. “The plight of the Southern Mongolian people, who were promised autonomy, is similar to the plight of other ethnic and religious minorities in China who are forced into “reeducation” camps, denied religious rights and the right to speak in their own language, forcibly removed from their homes, and forced to engage in slave labor. In Congress, we have appropriately focused on the mistreatment of other ethnic groups in China, including the Tibetans, Uyghurs, and Christians. I’m pleased to join Senator Merkley in turning the Senate’s attention to the appalling treatment of the people of Southern Mongolia. They have been overlooked for too long.”
U.S. Congressman Jim McGovern (D-MA-02)—a Commissioner of the Congressional-Executive Commission on China and Ranking Member of the House Rules Committee—is leading the House version of the legislation.
“The Southern Mongolian Human Rights Policy Act reaffirms America’s commitment to fundamental values of human rights and dignity. It signals that the United States stands with the Southern Mongolian people in their fight to preserve their cultural and linguistic heritage, and it sends a clear message that human rights must be respected everywhere,” McGovern said. “I am grateful for the partnership of Senator Jeff Merkley in bringing this legislation forward to make clear that America supports the aspirations of Southern Mongolians and opposes the oppressive policies being implemented by the People’s Republic of China.”
As Co-Chair of the Congressional-Executive Commission on China, Merkley has worked to shine a light on human rights struggles in the People’s Republic of China, which oppresses Uyghurs, Hong Kongers, Tibetans, dissidents, and others. In April 2022, Merkley chaired a hearing titled, ‘Growing Constraints on Language and Ethnic Identity in Today’s China’ which featured the struggles of Southern Mongolians. Earlier this year, his bipartisan Promoting a Resolution to the Tibet-China Dispute Act was signed into law to support Tibetan self-determination and promote dialogue between the Chinese authorities and the Dalai Lama toward a peaceful resolution of the long-standing dispute between Tibet and China.
“The Southern Mongolian Human Rights Policy Act is a historic milestone of the United States’ strong commitment to the protection and promotion of rights of the six million Southern Mongolians whose basic human rights and fundamental freedoms have continually been denied by the government of China over the past seven decades,” said Enghebatu Togochog (Batu) of the Southern Mongolian Human Rights Information Center. “Introduced by Senator Jeff Merkley from Oregon and Senator Dan Sullivan from Alaska, this bipartisan bill highlights the urgency of immediate actions that the United States government as well as the United Nations human rights bodies must take to prevent China from continuing to perpetrate all forms of human rights violations, in particular the ongoing cultural genocide that is aiming at the total erasure of Mongolian language, culture and identity in Southern Mongolia.”
The full text of the bill can be found by clicking here.
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