联合国关于蒙古国建国800周年的决议

联合国 A/60/PV.52 大会第六十届会议第五十二次全体会议2005 年11 月14 日星期一下午3 时举行 纽约
正式记录
本记录包括中文发言的文本和其他语言发言的译文。更正应只对原文提出。更正应作在印发的记录上，由有关的代表团成员一人署名，送交逐字记录处处长（C-154A）。更正将在届会结束后编成一份单一的更正印发。
05-61199 (C) *0561199*
主席： 埃利亚松先生 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (瑞典)
主席缺席，副主席哈米登先生（马来西亚）主持会议。
.......
不同文明对话全球议程 决议草案（A/60/L.17）
主席（以英语发言）：
各位成员还记得，大会曾在2005 年10 月20 日第35 和36 次全体会议上同时就议程项目42 和议程项目43 举行辩论。 我请蒙古代表发言介绍决议草案A/60/L.17。
恩赫策策格女士（蒙古）（以英语发言）：
我非常荣幸地代表文件所列提案国——奥地利，阿塞拜疆、孟加拉国，朝鲜民主主义人民共和国，法国、德国、希腊、海地、印度、牙买加、哈萨克斯坦、吉尔吉斯斯坦、卢森堡、马拉维、摩纳哥，摩洛哥、菲律宾、卡塔尔、俄罗斯联邦、泰国、东帝汶、土耳其、美利坚合众国和我国蒙古——介绍题为“蒙古国八百年”的决议草案A/60/L.17。
另外，我还高兴地宣布， 自从印发本决议草案以来，以下国家也列入提案国名单：澳大利亚、加拿大、冰岛、印度尼西亚、意大利、日本、阿曼、罗马尼亚、斯洛文尼亚、阿拉伯叙利亚共和国，前南斯拉夫的马其顿共和国和土库曼斯坦。
文明成就构成人类的集体遗产。欣然接受这一行动和致力于客观了解各个文明，对加强各文明之间的建设性互动与合作交往具有特殊意义。然而，在不同文明对话全球议程总体框架内，游牧人民在全球创造的多种文明——尤其是浩瀚的欧亚大草原文明—— 迄今没有得到什么注意。
游牧文明大都存在于同定居社会和平共生之中， 并在建立广泛贸易网和创建庞大行政文化、宗教和商业中心方面发挥重要作用。研究表明，阿拉伯、芬兰、蒙古、土耳其和其他渊源的游牧人民曾对全世界各个社会产生重大影响。他们的流动性有助于思想跨区域自由流动，从而为现代世界的形成作出贡献。
的确，游牧文明几千年来一直是世界不同文明之间的桥梁。游牧文明所固有的与大自然和谐共生的文化使得自然生境的微妙生态平衡得以受到保护。在目前环境威胁与挑战背景下，游牧民的这种适应大自然变数的能力今天更可以大显身手。
蒙古是一个游牧国家。我国的传统、价值观念和文化及其心态和自我特征都产生于其根深蒂固的游牧底蕴。蒙古也是一个古老国家；蒙古明年将纪念建国八百年。正如我国总统九月份首脑会议上站在这个讲台所说的那样，“纪念活动使人回忆历史，展望未来。”（A/60/PV.5，第24 页）。因此，八百周年纪念给我们提供了一个机会，不仅让我们回顾我们祖先留下的遗产，而且也让我们着手对游牧文明进行更认真的研究。 因此，目前摆着大会面前的决议草案有两个错综交织且相辅相成的主题。决议草案首先谋求加强不同文明间对话概念，把游牧文明的作用和贡献列入全球议程。决议草案还重申必须在现代社会中维护和发展游牧人民几百年的传统和文化。另外，决议草案还谋求鼓励有关国际组织、民间社会和学术界重新关心对游牧文明各方面的研究，从而为不同文明和文化之间的相互理解作出贡献。
决议草案还承认蒙古国的几百年历史，欢迎我国政府努力于明年纪念其八百年，并请会员国、联合国和其他组织、学术界和民间社会积极参加蒙古安排的周年纪念活动。
最后，我国代表团愿对我们所有提案国给予的宝贵支持和声援表示衷心感谢和赞赏。我们代表它们表示相信，这项决议草案将得到大会尽可能最广泛的支持，并将获得协商一致通过。
主席（以英语发言）：
大会现在对题为“蒙古国八百年”的决议草案A/60/L.17 作出决定。
我是否可以认为大会决定通过决议草案A/60/L.17？
决议草案A/60/L.17 获得通过（第60/16 号决议）。
30
A/60/PV.52
主席（以英语发言）：我是否可以认为大会愿意结束对议程项目42 的审议？
就这样决定。
下午6 时30 分散会


联合国 A/60/PV.5 大 会 第六十届会议 第五次全体会议
2005 年9 月15 日星期四上午9 时举行 纽约 正式记录
本记录包括中文发言的文本和其他语言发言的译文。更正应只对原文提出。更正应作在印发的记录上，由有关的代表团成员一人署名，送交逐字记录处处长（C-154A）。更正将在届会结束后编成一份单一的更正印发。
05-51171 (C) *0551171*
共同主席： 哈吉•奥马尔•邦戈•翁丁巴................................ (加蓬共和国总统)
共同主席： 约兰•佩尔松先生.......................................... (瑞典王国首相)
上午9 时05 分开会
高级别全体会议讲话（续）
共同主席（瑞典）：在请本次会议第一位发言者发言前，我要再次提醒各位成员，发言应以五分钟为限。
......
23页
A/60/PV.5
......
共同主席（瑞典）（以英语发言）：
大会现在听取蒙古总统那木巴尔•恩赫巴亚尔先生阁下的发言。
恩赫巴亚尔总统（以英语发言）：
此次世界领导人史无前例的聚会是实现全球亿万人民的期望，让他们过上没有恐惧和贫困、更有尊严、更加自由的生活的一个历史机遇。此次聚会再一次显示，我们坚定地致力于这个世界组织，在追求共同目标时采取集体行动。 尽管存在诸多缺点，但联合国已证明是不可或缺的。它防止了战争，为饥饿者提供食物。它结束了殖民主义，帮助各国发展。联合国是我们共同的家园， 共同的事业和共同的未来。本组织是曾经在疯狂中将我们的世界推向灭亡边缘，并在最绝望之时找到勇气和智慧团结起来，决心创造一个更加安全、更加繁荣和公正的世界的一代人留给我们的宝贵礼物。我们得到了一个将这个理想变为现实的机会，我们有义务抓住这个机会。 以联合国为中心的有效的多边主义，应当指导我们的努力。我们需要一个真正民主、代表所有人、以尊重《宪章》宗旨和原则为基础的国际关系体制。多边主义要行之有效，需要有足够的行动能力和意愿。
我们需要建设一个更加繁荣的世界，贫困被消除，发展成为理所当然。我们需要建设一个更加安全的世界，恐怖被击败，致命武器不落入歹徒之手，技术被用来改善人的生活。我们需要建设一个公正的世界，对其居民的困难和疾苦不是视而不见，而是确保规则得到遵守，权利得到享受。我们需要一个更大自由和更高尊严的世界。 为了实现我们的目标，我们需要一个合乎我们需求的议程，需要能够促进这个议程的联合国改革。五年前，在《千年宣言》中，世界领导人商定一套范围广泛的承诺——一个全面的发展议程。其中达成的发展协议的确很重要。我们必须确保它得以实现。
我们蒙古人民深入致力于实现《千年发展目标》。今年4 月，蒙古议会通过一项专门决议，核准国家一级的目标。该决议委托国家相关实体执行和监测千年发展目标，并规定在国家年度预算中拨出必要的资源。还宣布增加关于加强人权和促进民主治理的第九项目标。 国家行动尽管最为重要，但是单靠国家行动可能证明是不够的。在许多发展中国家，执行千年发展目
24页
A/60/PV.5
标受到严重的能力限制的阻碍。那里非常需要国际社会的援助。因此，正如《蒙特雷共识》重申的那样， 发达国家和发展中国家之间发展全球伙伴关系应该成为一个现实。 虽然官方发展援助的增长在十年持续下降之后,
过去两三年中出现了令人鼓舞的变化，但世界仍然远未实现0.7％的长远目标。在此，我愿支持秘书长的建议，即从2005 年起，那些提出合理、透明和明确国家战略的发展中国家所获得的援助应该有足够的增加、其质量足够好、到达的速度足够快，从而使它们能够实现其千年发展目标。此外，新增和新颖融资办法，如国际融资机制和债换执行千年发展目标项目，应该坚决鼓励。 我们应当敢作敢为，全面解决，拿出足够的政治意愿，形成名副其实的伙伴合作关系，彻底解决口头承诺与实际行动相差甚远的情况。如果我们诚心想要执行千年发展目标，就不能不履行已经作出的承诺。在全球范围内实现千年发展目标和联合国改革这两个进程，应当同时并举，加强和振兴联合国是一个重要的先决条件。 必须加强联合国全面协调和指导全球行动的能力，即在发展、安全、人权及民主所有三大主要领域。各项改革同等重要。不能因为一个问题而牵制另一个问题。结果文件为果断行动提供了重要基础。这一进程已经开始启动。大会第60 届会议必须产生结果， 以确保顺利贯彻。联合国改革是否成功，不能看我们怎么说，而要看改革之后的联合国能否给穷者带来发展，用和平结束战争，为被压迫者伸张正义。需用我们的行动衡量。让我们不负重任，尤其是在纪念联合国60 周年之际。
纪念活动使人回忆历史，展望未来。在我们蒙古筹备于2006 年庆祝蒙古国成立800 周年的时候，我们回顾蒙古国丰富的历史，以史为戒。一代精明的政治家成吉思汗永远改变了欧亚大陆面貌，统一东西。成吉思汗还建立了自由贸易、宗教宽容，以及邮政和通讯体系。他建立了许多重要的治国大计——开明税务、良好的行政和管理体制，以及法律面前平等—— 及保护外交豁免。这些治理国家的办法与国家间行为原则，至今还没有普遍实现。我想借此机会表示，衷心希望世界各国明年能同我们一道庆祝。
最后，我相信，这次首脑会议一定能够激发和引导我们今后集体努力建设更加安全、更加公平和繁荣的未
来。蒙古愿意在此崇高的集体事业中承担自己的责任。
......
下午2 时45 分散会


UNGA 60th session Plenary
as delivered /

UNGA 60th session
Plenary
Agenda item: 42
“Global Agenda for Dialogue among Civilizations”




INTRODUCTION OF RESOLUTION A/60/L.17


“800 YEARS OF MONGOLIAN STATEHOOD”


BY MS. O. ENKHTSETSEG


DIRECTOR-GENERAL


DEPARTMENT OF MULTILATERAL COOPERATION


MINISTRY OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS OF MONGOLIA


14 November 2005


Mr. President,
I have the distinct honor to introduce the draft resolution entitled “800 years of Mongolian Statehood” on behalf of the co-sponsors listed in document A/60/L.17, namely Austria, Azerbaijan, Bangladesh, Democratic People’s Republic of Korea, France, Germany, Greece, Haiti, India, Jamaica, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Luxembourg, Malawi, Monaco, Morocco, Philippines, Qatar, Russian Federation, Thailand, Timor-Leste, Turkey, United States of America and my own country Mongolia. I am also pleased to announce that the following countries have joined the draft resolution as co-sponsors since its publication. They are Australia, Canada, Iceland, Indonesia, Italy, Japan, Oman, Romania, Slovenia, Syrian Arab Republic, the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia and Turkmenistan.


Mr. President,


Civilizational achievements constitute the collective heritage of mankind. Embracing this axiom, and working towards achieving an objective understanding of all civilizations is of special significance for enhancing constructive interaction and cooperative engagement among all civilizations. Yet, a rich and diverse civilization created by nomadic peoples across the globe and most notably on the vast expanses of the Eurasian steppe has so far received little attention within the overall framework of the global agenda for dialogue among civilizations.


Nomadic civilization has largely existed in peaceful symbiosis with sedentary societies and played an important role in the development of extensive trade networks and the creation of large administrative, cultural, religious and commercial centers. Studies indicate that nomadic peoples of Arabic, Finnish, Mongolic, Turkic and other origin have significantly influenced societies across the world; their mobility has been instrumental in making possible the free flow of ideas across regions, thus contributing to the shape of the modern world. All in all, nomadic civilization has in fact served for thousands of years as a bridge between world civilizations.


The culture to live in harmony with nature, which is inherent in nomadic civilization, allows the preservation of the delicate ecological balance of the natural habitat. This ability of nomads to adapt to whims of nature has a heightened validity today against the backdrop of current environmental threats and challenges.


Mr. President,


Mongolia is a nomadic state; the traditions, values, culture and the very mentality and self-identity of my nation stem from our nomadic roots. Mongolia is also an ancient country – it is about to celebrate the 800th anniversary of its statehood next year.


As my President said from the high rostrum of the September Summit “anniversaries provoke recollections over the past and projections for the future”. As such, the 800th anniversary provides us with an opportunity not only to look back at the legacies of our forefathers but also to take up more closely the study of various aspects of nomadic civilization. Accordingly, the draft resolution has two main themes that are intricately intertwined and mutually-reinforcing.


First, it aims at reinforcing the concept of a dialogue among civilizations bringing in the role and contribution of the nomadic civilization into the global agenda. It also reaffirms the importance of preserving and developing the centuries-old traditions and culture of nomadic peoples in modern societies, as it welcomes the efforts of Member States to that end. It also aims at triggering a renewed interest to study various aspects of nomadic civilization by relevant international organizations, civil society and academia with a view to contributing to mutual understanding among civilizations and cultures.


Second, the draft resolution acknowledges the centuries-old statehood of Mongolia and welcomes the efforts of my Government to celebrate its 800th anniversary, and invites the Member States, UN, its specialized agencies, civil society, NGOs and academia to actively participate in the relevant events.


In concluding, Mr. President, my delegation wishes to extend its wholehearted gratitude and appreciation to all the co-sponsors of L.17 for their valuable support and solidarity, and on their behalf expresses our confidence that the draft resolution would command the broadest possible support of this august Assembly and be adopted by consensus.


I thank you.


Let's Travel to Mongolia
800th Anniversary of Great Mongolian State
UN resolution recognizes 800th anniversary of statehood On November 14, the 60th General Assembly of the United Nations adopted a non-vote resolution recognizing the 800th Anniversary of Mongolian Statehood, to be celebrated in 2006. The resolution welcomed the efforts of Mongolia and other member countries to preserve nomadic culture and traditions in modern societies.

It also invited members, the UN bodies and other intergovernmental and non-governmental organizations to actively participate in Mongolia's anniversary celebration events.


O.Enkhtsetseg, a representative from Mongolia, believes this international attention and next year's festivities provide an opportunity to trigger renewed interest in nomadic civilizations and to preserve and develop their traditions. A host of activities, both within the country and internationally, are scheduled to celebrate Mongolian heritage.

Enkhtsetseg addressed the meeting with the message that today's world is increasingly interdependent and rapidly changing.

“Peoples, religions, cultures and civilizations are engaged in an unprecedented level of interaction and interchange of values,” Enkhtsetseg said. “That openness and perceived defenselessness in the face of change created a natural reaction of rejection, distrust or even fear, which led to attempts to define and protect one's identity through exclusion and separation. Yet the course of human history showed that interaction and preservation of one's identity were not mutually exclusive.

“Diversity was not a threat, but a strength, and the breakthrough in information technology provided a unique opportunity to promote it on a global scale,” she added.

She said that civilizations did not have clear-cut boundaries, but flowed smoothly into one another and were greatly diversified. An example was the great nomadic civilization of the Eurasian steppe, of which Mongolia was a part.

That distinct form of civilization played an important role in the development of extensive trade networks and, for thousands of years, served as a bridge between civilizations. The role and contribution of nomadic civilizations still remains largely under-appreciated and unrecognized, and the rapid advance of globalization poses challenges to the preservation of centuries-old traditions, she said.

News.2
800th Anniversary of Great Mongolian State
Mongolia stages "Chinggis Khaan" rock opera
One of Mongolia's most popular rock groups “Khar-Chono” has teamed up with praised composer S.Tara to bring Mongolia's first rock opera, “Chinggis Khaan” to audiences in Ulaanbaatar. The opera, which will also include many other famous Mongolian artists and musicians, will be based loosely on “The Secret History of the Mongols”, the 800 year old epic written about Chinggis Khaan's empire.

Organizer and general producer Kh.Bat-Ochir, director of the SmartMind Company, says “The feature of this rock opera is to bring to life our great history through music, specifically through rock and roll”.

Though the opera isn't solely for rock enthusiasts, “folk chamber music will also be played as we hope to appeal to everyone,” Bat-Ochir said. The rock opera intends to draw its first curtain on April 20, 2006.

The UB Post recently sat down with Bat-Ochir to ask him about the preparations and expectations of “Chinggis Khaan” rock opera.
What can we expect to see in this rock opera?
The theme of the rock opera was taken from “The Secret History of the Mongols” and was written by Ganzorig a member of the “Khar-Chono” rock band. The writing was edited by specialist G.Bilguudei and further scrutinized by the World Chinggis Khaan's Academy B.Davaanyam and other scholars.
Why have so many scholars and specialist edit and review the writing?
Because we considered that this rock opera should be as true to the “Secret History” as possible. Although this is a rock opera, we want it to maintain the highest level of integrity. For example, due to the difficult language of the “Secret History” it was important to accurately represent what had been written so many years ago. What would it be worth for us to tell such an important story, such as this, falsely?

If it is possible could you tell our readers a little something about what they can expect when rock, meets opera, meets history?
Our “Chinggis Khaan” four act rock opera will naturally begin at the beginning, from the part of the “Secret History”, where Merged seized Borte-Ujin by force from Temuujin's home when Temuujin was absent. We are trying to show more about Chinggis Khaan's personal life, his love, his friendships, battles, personal character. The rock opera continues on until Temuujin is enthroned as the great king of the Mongol empire.

What can you tell us about the music?
S.Tara is a professional composer, he graduated from a music Conservatory in Sverdlovsk, Russia. Tara is also quite a famous composer here in Mongolia. The music has required the most of our energy. We want the writing and composition to be the best. We want to play music that is worth hearing, over and over again, even many years from now.

What type of imagery can the audience expect?
The rock opera will last for one hour and 20 minutes. But people must understand that the music is rock and rock music is very loud, though there is balance. As I mentioned before the performance will also consist of symphonic and chamber music alongside traditional music such as khoomii, solo morinkhuur, even shamanistic chants. Shamanism is a great tradition of Mongolia. Ganzorig decided to include shamanism into the opera due in part to his own personal study of the religion. Though it was met with criticism from Ch.Byambadorj, a scholar of Shamanism, he did praise the idea.

His Shaman song will be integral part to the opera. Byambadorj mentioned his concern that if a Shaman were to go into an actual prayer dance during the opera it might be difficult for the Shaman to catch the cue to exit the stage. We intend to have ten Shamanistic dancers in our opera.

In total how many artists will take part in the rock opera?
There are a total of 150 artists who contributed to the opera. The choir is consisted of 40-50 people, there are 40 dancers, 40 members of the orchestra, a 10 member folk group, and the 5 member rock band. I can't say for sure but we might include another two rock performances. To maintain the accuracy we will even have a blare horn, an instrument that was used in the 13th century to signify the start of a battle. And not to forget all the drummers.

How is the preparation going?
The composition of the opera's music has been completed. From January we will begin a formal competition to select only the perfect and most qualified singers and dancers. The competition will be open to everyone, students, professionals, even casual singers. It all boils down to that one voice we are looking for. All that is left after that are the costumes and practice. Practice makes perfect. Costumes though are a very important part of this opera. We are designing the clothes to be as true to the 13th century as possible. That goes for the musicians as well.

How will the rock opera end?
We are planing to end the rock opera with the long song “Ertnii saikhan”. But we have not decided on it for sure it because the contrast between long song and rock music might not be fitting.

Could you tell us the total expenditure for “Chinggis Khaan” ?
We believe it to be some where around Tg 60 million.

How long will the rock opera run?
The rock opera will have its opening ceremony on April 20 in the Central Cultural Palace. And we try to intend to conclude with a special performance during “Naadam”, July 11-13, 2006.

News.3
CHINGGIS KHAAN'S CAVALRY
Rides Again
One of Mongolia's most popular rock groups “Khar-Chono” has teamed up with praised composer S.Tara to bring Mongolia's first rock opera, “Chinggis Khaan” to audiences in Ulaanbaatar. The opera, which will also include many other famous Mongolian artists and musicians, will be based loosely on “The Secret History of the Mongols”, the 800 year old epic written about Chinggis Khaan's empire.

Organizer and general producer Kh.Bat-Ochir, director of the SmartMind Company, says “The feature of this rock opera is to bring to life our great history through music, specifically through rock and roll”.


Though the opera isn't solely for rock enthusiasts, “folk chamber music will also be played as we hope to appeal to everyone,” Bat-Ochir said. The rock opera intends to draw its first curtain on April 20, 2006.
The UB Post recently sat down with Bat-Ochir to ask him about the preparations and expectations of “Chinggis Khaan” rock opera.
What can we expect to see in this rock opera?
The theme of the rock opera was taken from “The Secret History of the Mongols” and was written by Ganzorig a member of the “Khar-Chono” rock band. The writing was edited by specialist G.Bilguudei and further scrutinized by the World Chinggis Khaan's Academy B.Davaanyam and other scholars.

To celebrate the occasion the Mongolian Government Executive Committee has planned a series of events scheduled to take place in 2006. A featured part of the festivities will be the Cavalry Ride taking place throughout the summer months. Spectators who have flocked to Mongolia from all over the world, as well as the local citizenry, will be left spellbound as they get the opportunity to experience this once-in-a-lifetime event.

A cloud of dust slowly emerges from the distant grasslands; a two-hour historical spectacle begins.

The five-hundred-man cavalry is comprised entirely of soldiers and has been made possible thanks to cooperation from the Mongolian Ministry of Defense. As the cavalry emerges out of the grassland steppe in a cloud of dust, a fearsome spectacle is relived. The sight of the procession of soldiers marching in a straight line reminds us of Genghis Khan's mighty army.

Experience the awesome power of Cinggis Khaan's cavalry as 500 Mongolian soldiers reconstruct the force that shaped history. This once-in-a-lifetime event, which lasts over two hours, runs from, July through September 2006.